In the July issue of The O&P EDGE, I discussed the traditional phases of gait and major motions in the sagittal plane. However, the act of walking occurs in three-dimensional space, and it is well understood that body motion in all three planes is highly interdependent. Retracing the full cycle, we will now consider more subtle but equally important motion in the transverse and frontal planes. As an evolutionary adaption of bipedal locomotion, the tarsus of the human foot is a critical transformer of motion across all three planes.
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