A team of researchers conducted a literature review to examine the landscape of 3D-printed upper-limb prostheses, focusing on their design, functionality, and cost-effectiveness, and to assess the potential of 3D printing to address accessibility barriers. They concluded that 3D printing offers an effective, low-cost alternative to traditional prosthetic manufacturing; however, variability in design, a lack of standardized manufacturing protocols, and limited clinical validation remain challenges.
The researchers suggested that future efforts should focus on establishing standardized guidelines, improving design consistency, and validating the clinical effectiveness of 3D-printed prostheses to ensure their long-term viability as functional alternatives to traditional devices.
For the review, studies about the design, fabrication, and clinical application of 3D-printed prostheses were included. The results were organized into categories based on design characteristics, kinematic features, and manufacturing specifications.
Thirty-five 3D-printed upper-limb prostheses were reviewed, with the majority being hand prostheses. Devices were categorized based on their range of motion, actuation mechanism, materials, cost, and assembly complexity. The e-NABLE open-source platform has played a significant role in the development and dissemination of the devices. Prostheses were classified into cost categories (low, moderate, and high), with 64 percent of models costing under $50. Most designs were rated as easy to moderate in terms of assembly, making them accessible for nonspecialist users.
The open-access study, “Shaping the future of upper extremity prostheses through 3D printing,” was published in Prosthesis.
